Science an Technology as Engines of Economic Growth ad Development Essay Example for Free

Science an Technology as Engines of Economic Growth ad Development Essay Social Consequences of the Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution brought many changes to western civilization. Two of the most significant social consequences of the Industrial Revolution are urban crowding and worker safety. Migration of workers to urban areas, where factory work was available, was a major contributor of over-crowding in these areas. This gave rise to increasing crime rates, housing, and sanitation issues (Zonderman, 1992 ). Unemployment was high and there was no job security. Injured workers were replaced without compensation. With the Industrial Revolution, child labor was common, as machines simplified the work and it was cheaper to pay children. Injury rates among factory workers were high. Small hands were easily caught in the machines. In the early 1830’s legislations were put in place to protect the workers (Honeyman, 2008). These early factory laws were concerned with health, safety, working hours and working conditions. Factory conditions were regulated by the states and in1833 the Factory Act was passed (Honeyman, 2008). The Industrial Revolution and Capitalism Capitalism is an economic system in which means of production are owned by individuals or private companies, who invest money to make a profit. Capitalism focuses on the free market with little or no governmental regulations. Prior to the Industrial Revolution, agriculture was the primary means of support and people worked within their homes (Zonderman, 1992 ). With the event of the Industrial Revolution society changed to one of commodities and production and the need to make individual profit. Machines gave rise to increased productivity and reduced the need for skilled or  specialized laborers (Zonderman, 1992 ). The ability to produce goods on a large scale allowed for these goods to be sold for less. Individuals or companies with money could invest in newer technologist, finding faster and cheaper ways to produce goods. This destroyed small, local businesses, forcing them to seek employment as factory workers. With more people seeking employment, and no minimum wage, laborers were paid cheaper wages. Child labor was prevalent and work conditions deplorable. There were no equal or fair compensation for these workers. All profits were kept by these individuals and companies increasing their wealth. Capitalism and Communism. Communism focuses on the division of wealth as a community, sharing profits and losses. The goal of the communist theory, is equality among all members of society. The communist theory was born to counteract the abuses of the capitalist society, advocating for workers’ rights (Hands, 2011). Karl Marx believed that capitalism was just the latest form of exploitation in a long list of tyrannical rule (Hands, 2011). Marx ideal society, based on the communist theory, would see the disappearance of class structure, equal rights for men, women, and children, equal and adequate housing for everyone, with everyone working for the benefit of each other. Differences between Capitalist and Communist Philosophies. The capitalist society promotes individual gains and give rise to a class system. Individuals own the means of production and invest their capital to make a profit for themselves. These profits are not shared with the working class who help to make the profits. The communist theory, on the other hand, promotes community properties and equality for all. Businesses and properties would be government owned and everyone share equally in the profits and losses. Benefits are based on individual needs (Hands, 2011). The capitalist philosophy gives rise to a distinct class system, where the elites are the rulers (they own the wealth, therefore they make the rules). The wealthy investors had access to the best schools, housing and medical attention as they could afford to pay for the services. In the communist philosophy, the class system would disappear. Everyone work for the good of the community and enjoy equal, good quality housing, education, and medical  care. References Hands, G. (2011). Understanding Marx . London, GBR: Hodder Education. Honeyman, K. (2008). Book Cover Child Workers in England, 1780-1820 : Parish Apprenticeship and the Making of the Early Industrial Labour Force. Abingdon, Oxon, GBR : Ashgate Publishing Group . Zonderman, D. A. ( 1992 ). Book Cover Aspirations and Anxieties : New England Workers and the Mechanized Factory System, 1815-1850. Cary, NC, USA : Oxford University Press .

The Numbing of the American Mind: Culture as Anesthetic Essay -- Thoma

ENLIGHTENED SURRENDER How many essays have been written about American culture? How many books dedicated to the intense scrutiny of every aspect of our modern society? Countless thoughts, countless theories—many of them lost in the very chaos that the authors spent 300 pages explaining. There are always solutions, which their creators seem entirely convinced will solve this mess, but the truth is that these ideas are often impractical and unrealistic. But no one writes an entire book complaining without offering us something at the conclusion. Sociologists parade around with their own superfluous speculations, conflicting and contradictory, but this must be better than unresolved pessimism, right? Thomas de Zengotita doesn’t seem to think so. In his essay, â€Å"The Numbing of the American Mind: Culture as Anesthetic,† he discusses the perceptual overload of Americans and the differing and indistinguishable levels of reality in which we exist. He claims that most people don’t know and can’t recognize what is real what is not. There are so many different kinds of reality—he lists sixteen out of many—and they have all become so intertwined into our lives that they bleed together. As a result of these discrepancies, we can no longer appreciate the differences between what is important and what isn’t. Using modern examples like the events of September 11th and the media’s response to them, de Zengotita explains how we’ve become numb to things â€Å"so enormous, so horrific, so stark, that [we believe] the great blob of virtuality that is our public culture would be unable to absorb it† (342). It is a typical review of American society— pessimistic and daunting—though his sarcastic humor and nonchalant attitude are... ...ous diagnosis of a serious condition. Would we rather not know about it because it happens to be incurable? This goes much deeper than subject matter, or political bias, the usual folder. It determines the way we frame everything . . . the attitude we bring to living in this world of surfaces. (de Zengotita 350) No amount of truth can ever bring about change on the grand scale, but the way you chose to function within it will define the difference between prisoner and progressive. In expressing a helplessness to do nothing, de Zengotita has accomplished more than all the theories in the world. â€Å"It was to have been the end of irony, remember?† (de Zengotita 340) Works Cited Zengotita, Thomas de. â€Å"The Numbing of American Minds: Culture as Anesthetic.† 2002. The Text Wrestling Book. Eds. Donna LeCourt, et al. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall Hunt, 2005. 340-351.

The Role of English in Our Lives

The role of English in our lives has got much importance. English may be a foreign language, but it is international in its significance. It is taken as a lingua France, the common language , for all parts of the world today. The importance of English language in our lives is as firstly , it is spoken , read or understood in most parts of the world. Due to this language, we can belong to whole world as well as to our own country. Secondly, the role of English in our lives is that it is truly the language of science and technology. No other language offers such a wide scope for scientific studies and research in English. Without our mastery of English, we could not have easily used atomic energy for power generation, in engineering projects , medical treatment etc. Thirdly, the most major role of English is that it offers us treasures of knowledge in all social sciences like history, political science, economics , anthropology , sociology , philosophy an psychology. Fourthly ,it plays its role in modern medicine and surgery , developed from world wide studies and researches in different countries and language, now make a tremendous store house of medical knowledge in English. Lastly, religious and spiritual writings and translations in English are in plenty . All the Holy books including the Holy Quran and Bible with diverse translation find their pride of place in the section of religious books in any good library or book gallery. knowing how to speak it is definately a plus as it is the universal language (it allows you to communicate w/ ppl from other countries and learn and share ideas with them) and the â€Å"preferred† language used in most schools and business establishments (let's face it, it's hard to do well in school if you're poor in english as most books are written in english and schools use it as their medium of instruction†¦ o succeed in school and in one's career, english proficiency is needed). in some countries where english is a 2nd language, it is also seen as a status symbol†¦ i. e. , it is thought that only the rich and the educated can speak the language fluently.

Health Issues Of Diabetes Australia - 1411 Words

Since the establishment, Diabetes Australia has been doing a respectable job in providing information and resources to the people affected by diabetes in Australia. The organization has seen great success in providing support to the community affected by diabetes, and is keen to create more awareness and support to a wider audience base especially to community who are unaware about diabetes as a major health issue that impact on their lifestyles. 1.2.1 Strengths Diabetes Australia has been able to build an influential impact among the Australian community who are affected by the Diabetes i.e. the Evangelists (10-20%) and deliver support by providing fund among this audience in the possible ways to prevent, manage and cure this issue. It†¦show more content†¦The reason of the success of the organization is also due to the presence of the social media Facebook and its personalized App to provide support at one’s fingertips. With the above approaches, Diabetes Australia has been able to achieve the brand personality of being compassionate and authoritative. It has also gained a strong commitment because of the useful informative sessions provided by the organization to those who are affected by diabetes. 1.2.2 Weaknesses The organization has been able to connect to the audience affected by this cause with the bottom up approach of marketing but has not been able to reach the 80% of Australians who are prone to be affected by this health issue. It has not been able to reach the voluminous target of ambivalent (80% of Australian community). The strategy has not been successful to deliver sustainable, attitudinal and behavioral change amongst the chosen demographic, which restricts the organization from achieving the description of bold as their brand personality. 1.2.3 Opportunities The Social media presence of the organization is pretty good. It has been able to attract the audience with their Facebook pages as well as the personalized App. This